The Jewish religion and Jewish history, has shaped our
western culture and our way of thinking.
For many years, the Judeo-Christian Values have been
under pressure from totalitarian ideologies, today also from Islam.
This historical timeline is a reminder of our roots
and also unfortunately, a reminder of Europe's ugly history when it comes to
the treatment of the Jewish people.
The Bible was created in a small nation, with a
message that has found resonance worldwide.
This historical timeline, is focusing on the biblical
story, and Jewish history, by adding links to Wikipedia and other websites. I
have also tried to include websites, which says something about how this
biblical message is perceived among Jews and Christians.
But should we get to know the Bible and its message,
then it is advisable to read the Bible.
The entire Bible that we Christians read, is a Jewish
book, written by Jews, this applies to both the Old and New Testaments.
New Revised Standard Version of the Bible
Wikipedia about the Bible
The Bible, this Jewish history book, has for me become
very dear reading.
I will say a little more about my love for this Jewish
book, In the end of the last blog.
"Historical timeline of the Jewish people part 3"
(July 2013)
Due to the length of the timeline, I had to split this blog into three
parts.
Jewish history
begins with Abraham 4,000 years ago.
Note: These earliest dates (B.C.) are not
without differences of opinion.
They are offered as a general guideline.
2035 B.C. - Abraham born in Ur in Mesopotamia.
In adulthood, Abraham followed his father and brothers
to the city Haran,
1960 B.C. - Abraham leaves Haran for Canaan.
1935 B.C. - Isaac born.
1875 B.C. - Jacob born.
1767 B.C. - Joseph sold to Egyptians.
In Egyptian history, we find a man called Imhotep. Can this person be Joseph.
Video - The
first part of this video deals with the history of the Jews in Egypt,
and the Red Sea crossing. These are theories of amateur archaeologists,
theories that are not necessarily shared by professional archaeologists and
Egyptologists, but the video is still interesting
1745 B.C. - Jacob and family move to Egypt.
Egyptian
bondage and the Exodus under Moses:
1610 B.C. - Moses born.
The Egyptian
bondage could have taken place in the period between 1700 -1200
BC
There are many things that may indicate that Ramses
the second was king of Egypt during the Jewish exodus, because his father
started the construction of the two cities Rameses and Pitom, mentioned in
Exsodus Chapter 1.11, where the Jews did slave labor.
Akhenaton, Pharaoh of Egypt (about1400 BC) He reigned when the Jews were in
the country, and tried to change the Egyptian
religion of many gods to one.
Another archaeological discoveries in Egypt goes back
to Pharaoh Merenptah
son of Ramses the second. (about 1200 BC)
The Israelite
Exodus from Egypt (1300 -1200 BC or 1450 BC ?)
Israel
crosses the Red Sea. (Wikipedia)
Scientists
and historians do not
spend time on the biblical story of the crossing of the Red Sea, because they don't believe it has happened.
But there are many amateurs who believe in the Bible,
who have made interesting discoveries, while others of these amateur
archaeologists have
little credibility.
Ancient Evidence of the Exodus from Egypt (1303
BCE-1213 BCE)
http://unitedwithisrael.org/archeological-parrallels-for-the-exodus-story/
Where did
Moses cross the Red Sea?
On the map below we see the route Moses and the people
of Israel walked according to Christian tradition.
But this tradition was created by Queen Helena, the
mother of Byzantine Emperor Constantine, who visited the Holy Land in 326
She sent a delegation to the desert in the south to
find the Sinai mountains.
This delegation she sent, told the story of Moses and
the burning bush to some Bedouins, who reported that they had experienced a
burning bush where St. Catharina monastery stands today.
Later Queen Helena had a dream, which confirmed the
story of the Bedouins. So this is the origin of the Christian tradition.
But this is
not the Jewish tradition.
According to the Jewish historian Josephus (37 – c. 100), Mount
Sinai was located in what is now Saudi Arabia, and the Jewish philosopher Philo,
who lived in Alexandria at the same time, wrote that Moses and his people
walked through the desert eastward until they came to the Red Sea
Three videos
that deal with the suggestions about the route Moses and the Israelites
followed through the desert. The videos are made by amateur archaeologists.
EXODUS REVEALED!!- Hard Evidence in Red Sea of Israel's
Escape From Egypt
EXODUS REVEALED!!- Hard Evidence in Red Sea of Israel's
Escape From Egypt
The law
given to Moses on Mount Sinai
The Jewish
understanding of the Law of Moses
The Christian
understanding of the Law of Moses
Israel given
The Promised Land:
1490 B.C. - The Hebrews enter Canaan.
The Jewish people in the land of Canaan after walking
in the desert for 40 years,
The twelve tribes of Israel
King David make Jerusalem his capital
Ancient Jerusalem
Video
- Jerusalem: 4000 Years in 5 Minutes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=2mR2W43t6tI#!
930 B.C. - The first Temple completed in Jerusalem by
King Salomon
History of ancient Israel and Judah
Assyrian
& Babylonian captivities and the Return from Babylon:
722 B.C. - Israel (Northern Kingdom) conquered by
Assyria.
The inhabitants of the Northern Kingdom of Israel was
taken captive and exiled in Assyria.
The Southern Kingdom of Judah.
The Prophet Isaiah
715 - 686 BC. Reign of King Hezekiah of Judah
605 The Babylonians invade Judah
605 Daniel is taken captive and begins to
prophesy
597 Ezekiel is taken captive to Babylon
655 – 586 BC. -The Prophet Jeremiah
586 B.C. - Judah (The Southern Kingdom) conquered by
Babylon. Jerusalem destroyed, including the first Temple (on the 9th of Av), and the Jews exiled
to Babylon.
What "the
Ninth of Av," means to the Jewish people
The Babylonian exile
539 The Decree of Cyrus II allowing Jews to
return
The Babylonian king Cyrus, repatriated displaced
people and restored temples and cult sanctuaries across Mesopotamia and
elsewhere in the region.
Cyrus cylinder in cuneiform, mention repatriation of
foreign people who were prisoners of Babylon
The Cylinder's text has traditionally been seen by
Biblical scholars as corroborative evidence of Cyrus’ policy of the
repatriation of the Jewish people following their Babylonian captivity
(an act that the Book of Ezra
attributes to Cyrus), as the text refers to the restoration of cult sanctuaries
and repatriation of deported peoples.
538 B.C. - The exiles return to Jerusalem from
Babylon.
516 B.C. - The second Temple dedicated.
445-444 B.C. - Nehemiah rebuilds The walls of
Jerusalem.
350 B.C. - Persians capture Jerusalem.
332 B.C. - Jerusalem conquered by Alexander the
Great. Hellenistic rule in
the area begins.
Video: The Hellenistic Age: Alexander to Antiochus
III
The Hellenistic era in the Middle East after the death
of Alexander the Great.
170 B.C. - The King of Syria, Antiochus Epiphanes,
plunders Jerusalem.
168 B.C. - Antiochus Epiphanes ransacks Jerusalem and
prohibits the practice
of Judaism, triggering the Maccabean revolt.
Video:
Antiochus Epiphanes and the Maccabees
165 B.C. - Hasmonean Jews, led by the Maccabees,
recapture Jerusalem and
rededicate the Temple, now celebrated annually at Chanukkah
80 B.C. - The Maccabees defeated by the Romans.
63 B.C. - Jerusalem conquered by Pompey, who makes
Jerusalem a Roman
37 B.C. - Herod appointed King in Jerusalem by Rome.
20 B.C. - Herod begins restoration of the 2nd Temple.
To
be continued in the blog
